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2011年考研英语全真冲刺模拟题:朱泰祺系列(3)

Source: 恒星英语学习网  Onion  2011-01-02  我要投稿   论坛   Favorite  

Section ⅠUse of English

参考译文

任何人在银行开一个活期账户时,他就是把钱借给银行。他可以随时提取这笔钱,提取的方式可以是现金,也可以是为他人开一张支票。银行与储户之间的关系主要是债务人与债权人之间的关系;谁是债务人谁是债权人取决于储户的账上是透支还是结余。但是,除了那种基本的简单的概念以外,银行与储户相互之间还承担许多义务。这些义务中的许多义务会引起很多问题和纠纷,但是银行储户譬如说不像货物的买主,他不能投诉说法律对他不利。

银行必须遵守它的客户的指令,而不是任何别人的指令。例如,当储户开一个账户时,他指示银行只有凭他开的支票才能支取他的存款。他给银行留下他签名的样本,并且有一条非常严格的规则,即银行没有任何权力把储户的钱付给一张冒名顶替的支票。即使伪造得非常巧妙,那也无济于事,因为银行必须辨认出它的储户的签名。为此银行采用把储户的姓名印在支票上的做法,这样,对客户就不存在任何风险了。如果这样做仍然使伪造得逞,那承担损失的将是银行,而不应是储户。

1. [答案] [C] demand

[注释] 词义搭配。demand the repayment of the money提取钱。 acquire vt. 获得; deposit vt. 将(钱)存入银行;derive vt. 得到,获取。例如:derive great pleasure from ones studies(从学习中得到很大乐趣)。

2. [答案] [D] in

[注释] 惯用搭配。in cash以现金方式。

3. [答案] [B] Primarily

[注释] 逻辑搭配。primarily主要地;however然而;moreover此外;presumably推测起来,大概。

4. [答案] [A] which

[注释] 逻辑搭配。 who is which depending on... 谁是债务人,谁是债权人取决于…。

5. [答案] [C] in

[注释] 惯用搭配。be in credit 有结余;buy on credit赊购。

6. [答案] [D] addition

[注释] 逻辑惯用搭配。in addition to除…以外。in support of支持;in contrast to与…相对照;in regard to关于,在…上。例如:I have nothing to say in/with regard to your complaints.(对于你的投诉,我无可奉告)。

7. [答案] [A] owe

[注释] 词义搭配。owe obligations to sb. 向某人承担义务; commit oneself to doing sth.使自己承担做某事的任务;attribute ... to把…归因于; embark on着手,开始从事,例如:embark on a new career(从事一项新的职业); embark on a long journey(开始漫长的旅行)。

8. [答案] [B] rise

[注释] 惯用搭配。give rise to引起,产生,例如:His words gave rise to a considerable amount of speculation.(他的话引起了很多猜测)。give purpose to使…有目的,例如:give purpose to ones life(使某人的生活有目的)。give priority to优先考虑,例如:We should give priority to the development of our reading skills. give thought to考虑…,例如:Have you given any thought to which university you would like to go to when you leave school?

9. [答案] [A] loaded

[注释] 词义惯用搭配。be loaded against... 对…不利,例如:The odds were loaded against him. (情况对他不利)。offend against...触犯(法律等),例如:This verdict offends against ones idea of justice.(这个裁决触犯了人们的正义观念)。
discriminate against歧视,例如:The law does not discriminate against any race, creed or color.(法律并不歧视任何种族、信条或肤色)。
direct... against使…针对…,例如:His remark directs its blows mainly to the working people.(他的话主要打击了劳动人民)。

10. [答案] [C] obey

[注释] 词义结构搭配。obey ones instructions服从某人的指令。conform to符合,遵守,例如:All students must conform to the rules.(全体学生都必须遵守这些规则)。 conform with符合,例如:The design conforms with the regulations.

注意:conform to较常用;只偶尔用conform with。comply with照…办;遵守,例如:1) People who refuse to comply with the law will be punished. 2) He knows the regulations, and if he refuses to comply with them he must take the consequences. abide by遵守,服从:1) We agreed to abide by your judgment. 2) She will abide by her promise. 3) abide by承受:You will have to abide by the consequences.

11. [答案] [D] When

[注释] 逻辑结构搭配。when引导时间状语从句。

12. [答案] [A] respect

[注释] 结构搭配。in respect of...用来付…的钱(商业用语),例如: The company gave him $230 in respect of the work he has done.(公司给他230美元用来支付他的工钱)。in charge of... 负责,例如: 1) (作表语) He will be in charge of the whole factory next week when the director is away.2) (作定语) The officer in charge requested Arthur to put on his outdoor clothes. in line with与…一致,符合,例如: 1) (作表语) Some of the recent actions of the government are not in line with the statement of policy in their election manifesto. (政府最近的一些行动不符合他们在大选宣言中的政策声明)。 2) (作状语) In line with history and social evolution socialism is inevitable.(按照历史和社会的发展,社会主义是必然的)。in place of ... 代替…,用…而不用…,例如:The Chinese use chopsticks in place of knives and forks. (中国人用筷子,而不用刀叉。)

13. [答案] [D] specimens

[注释] 词义搭配。 specimen样本; specific细节; sign迹象,符号,牌;symbol象征。

14. [答案] [C] authority

[注释] 词义搭配。authority权力;reputation声誉; prestige声望; impact影响。

15. [答案] [B] on

[注释] 结构搭配。on a cheque 凭支票;on表示原因或根据。

16. [答案] [C] forge

[注释] 词义搭配。 forge (= invent)伪造,如:He got the money dishonestly, by forging his brothers signature on a check. forge的原意是“锻造”,例如:The blacksmith forged the horseshoe with great skill.(这位铁匠熟练地锻造了这块马蹄铁)。print vt. 印刷,出版,如:print books。confirm vt. 1)证实,肯定,确认:The experiment confirmed his theory. 2)加强,坚定(信念等): The latest information confirms my belief that he is to blame.(最新的信息坚定了我的信念:他应受责备)。 3)批准,同意:The agency confirmed the contract.(这个机构批准了这个合同)。justify vt. 证明…是正确的,如:1) You will have to justify your work to others.(你得向其他人解释你的工作是对的)。 2) The fact that he annoyed you does not justify your treating him in that way.(他触怒你这一事实并不能证明你那样对待他是正确的)。

17. [答案] [B] skillful

[注释] 词义搭配。skillful有技巧的,巧妙的; delicate精细的,纤细的;unique (同类中)独一无二的。

18. [答案] [A] risk

[注释] 词义搭配。risk风险。risk可作及物动词用,后接名词或动名词,例如:1) The brave man risked his life in trying to save the child. 2) He didnt want to risk getting wet as he had only one suit. risk作名词用时常用的词组如下:1) at the risk of冒…的风险:At the risk of offending you, I must tell you that I disapprove of your behavior. 2) run (or take) a risk冒危险: You are running a big risk in trusting him. 3) at risk处于危险中:The governments income policy is seriously at risk.

19. [答案] [D] adopted

[注释] 词义搭配。adopt vt. 采用,采取:We must adopt strong measures against any environmental destruction.

20.[答案] [B] facilitates

[注释] 词义搭配。 facilitate vt. 使…方便,促使,例如:1) The broken lock facilitated my entrance into the empty room. 2) I decided to employ a secretary in order to facilitate the work. contribute to有助于,促使,例如:1) Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health. 2) Cigarette smoking is a major factor contributing to lung cancer. 3) Cars contribute air pollution in the city. result in导致; lead to导致。

小结

按大纲规定“英语知识应用”,即完形填空,题材应为一篇240~280字的短文。本文是254字,符合大纲要求。试题类型有逻辑搭配、词义搭配、结构搭配和惯用搭配,与2010年考题相一致。完形填空解题技巧是:把握主题、抓住上下文的逻辑联系、分段解题、瞻前顾后、各个击破,最后统观全文、查错补漏。完形填空解题时间通常为15分钟左右。千万不要超时,以免挤占后面各项的解题时间。


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