十一、易混淆词的使用错误
英语词汇中有很多词在拼写上、语义上很相似，如 assure/ensure ， rise/arise/raise ， effect/affect ，但是它们的用法却迥然不同。这些易混淆的词构成六级改错的一个重要错误类型，也是比较难的一种类型，这个需要考生在平时的
学习过程中注意知识的积累，并多做些总结和归纳，从中找出一些规律。 例 1
His persistence was awarded when the car finally started. 1.__________
句中“ award ”是“颁发，授予（奖赏）”之义，而文中要表达的意思是“汽车终于启动了，那就是对他坚持不懈精神的回报”，应把 award 改成 reward 。
例 2
Deciding how much discomfort and risk we are prepared to put up with in the name of better health is a highly personal matter, not a decision we should remain to doctors 1.__________ alone.
“ remain ”意为“保持，仍然”，是一个表示状态的动词，其用法和系动词“ be ”相似，后面所接成分一般是名词或形容词，作表语，而“ leave sth. to sb. ”意思是“把某物留给某人”。本句很明显是“ leave…to… ”的句型，所以应该把 remain 改为 leave 。
例 3
Of course the press means more than newspaper. A vast amount of magazines are published, aimed at readers 1.__________ interested in all sorts of subjects.
因为 amount 表示数量时只与不可数名词连用，而本句中后面所接名词为“ magazines ”，是复数名词，应该使用表示复数形式的 number ，故应该把 amount 改为 number 。
例 4
Today, flint has small importance as an industrial product. 1.__________
“ small ”用于表示人或物的体积尺寸，不能修饰抽象名词 importance ，因此应把 small 改为可以修饰不可数抽象名词的 little 。
练习题:
1 Industry officials predicted that mobile communications service will soon be comparative in many respects to the 1.__________ service provided by telephone that do not move.
2 In today’s society, “Smoking effects your health” has 2.__________ become a warning which is known to almost every house hold.
3 For his outstanding achievements in graduate teaching he is held in big esteem by his students and colleagues. 3.__________
4 Supersonic craft may disturb the upper atmosphere to such an extent that dangerous radiation from the sun might reach the earth, with unimaginative effects on life there. 4.__________
5 In the late nineteen century, farm work and life were not 5.__________ much changed from what they had been in the old days.
6 Deciding how much discomfort and risk we are prepared to put up with in the name o better health is a high personal 6.__________ matter, not a decision we should remain to doctors alone. 7.__________
7 Whenever the subject of smoking and health is risen, 8.__________ the governments of most countries hears no evil, see no evil and smell no evil.
8 If I were to live my life over again, I would pay more attention to the cultivation of the memory. I would strengthen that faculty by every possible mean, and on every possible 9.__________ occasion.
9 The government of most countries spending huge sum of money for international defense. 10.__________
答案解析：
1. comparative→comparable。当仅仅表达“比较的，比较性的”意思，而没有涉及到具体的比较时，应该用第一个词，但是当设计到具体的两者之间的比较时，则应该使用comparable。此句属于第二种情况。
2. effects→affects。“effect”当作为动词使用时，表示“产生，引起，实现”的意思，作为名词时才是“影响，效果”，显然不符合，应该使用affect，意思是“影响”。
3. big→high。
4. unimaginative→unimaginable。该句中所要表达的是“难以想象的”，而unimaginative是“没有想像力的”意思，不符合句意。
5. nineteen→nineteenth。
6. high→highly。
7. remain→leave。
8. risen→raised。
9. mean→means。
10. international→national。表示“国防”的意思时应该使用national defense。
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